The aim of this study was to determine the hepatitis C virus (HCV) RNA levels at low levels of anti-HCV ( S/Co< 5 ) which were detected by the VITROS anti-HCV assay version 3.0 ( Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics). Anti-HCV was found at low levels (S/Co<5) in 65 serum samples. HCV RNA positivity was not detected in none of the 65 serum samples , which were found to be positive for HCV by the Real Time PCR method. It is concluded that the false positivity rate might be high for the low positivity of anti-HCV (S/Co<5) which was determined by the VITROS anti-HCV assay version 3.0 (Ortho-Clinical Diagnostics).