2007, Cilt 21, Sayı 4, Sayfa(lar) 211-216 |
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HERPES B VIRUS (MONKEY HERPES) INFECTION |
Yusuf ÖZBAL |
Erciyes Üniversitesi Tıp Fakültesi, Mikrobiyoloji ve Klinik Mikrobiyoloji Anabilim Dalı, Kayseri |
Keywords: monkey B-virus, zoonotic disease |
Herpes B virus from macaque monkeys, which has zoonotic importance for humans, belongs to the family Herpesviridae, subfamily
Alphaherpesvirinae, genus Simplexvirus and is closely related to Herpes simplex virus-1 (HSV-1) and HSV-2. Most macaques carry
herpes B virus without overt signs of disease. Transmission of herpes B virus is by contact with monkeys (bitting, scratching), either
in experimental work or zoos. Virus in cell cultures prepared from macaques may be a source of infection. Humans with herpes B
virus infections develop encephalitis and myelitis in more than 90% of cases, with a case fatality rate of 80%. In contrast to other
monkey species, rhesus monkeys never develop encephalitis and myelitis after herpes B virus exposure. Antibody testing by ELISA,
virus isolation testing by cell culture and virus DNA testing by PCR are the methods of diagnosis most commonly used today. PCR
is recommended for diagnosis of B infection with rapidity and safety. High risk (if the bite is deep and near the head and neck) or
low risk lesions can be treated with acyclovir.
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