The purpose of this study was to determine in a rehabilitation center nosocomial infections, their causative agents and antibiotic susceptibility patterns of the agents. Totally of 2893 patients hospitalized in Turkish Armed Forces Rehabilitation Center during 2001 are included in the study. Two hundred and ninety patients developed nosocomial infections, and 350 different micro-organisms were isolated. The rate of nosocomial infection was 10.02%. The highest rate was seen in the acute care unit (49.31%). Asymptomatic bacteriuria (65.17%) was the most frequently seen infection type followed by symptomatic urinary tract infection (14.13%), decubitus ulcer infection (13.79%), deep incisional surgical site infection (5.51%), and others (1.4%). The most frequently isolated microorganism was Escherichia coli (31.14%) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (13.14%), Acinetobacter spp. (12.28%), Klebsiella spp. (11.14%), Proteus spp. (10.28%), Pseudomonas spp. (9.71%), Enterobacter spp. (8.57%), and other microorganisms (3.71%). Antibiotic susceptibilities of Enterobacteriaceae and gram-negative nonfermentative bacilli were tested with 13 and 10 antibiotic disks, respectively, by disk diffusion method. Enterobacteriaceae had the highest susceptiblity to imipenem and piperacillin/ tazobactam while they had the lowest susceptiblity to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole and cefazolin. Similarly, gram-negative nonfermentative bacilli had the highest sensitivity to imipenem and piperacillin/tazobactam, while they had the lowest sensitivity to ampicillin and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole. Staphylococcus aureus isolates had a methicilline resistance rate of 58.69%.