Q fever is a zoonotic infection and is more frequently seen among risk groups in contact with animals. The purpose of this study was to determine the prevalence of Q fever in risk groups in Aydın Region, Turkey. For this purpose antibodies against Coxiella burnetii in risk groups were detected using enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFA). A total of 92 people, including veterinarians, cattle-dealers, and butchers were included in the study. The study group filled survey forms on the risk factors and symptoms of Coxiella infection. Collected serum samples were investigated for C. burnetii Phase II IgG and IgM antibodies with ELISA in Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Laboratories, Medical Faculty, Adnan Menderes University. All positive and equivocal results with ELISA were tested again with IFA for C. burnetii Phase I and Phase II IgM and IgG antibodies. With ELISA C. burnetii IgM and IgG were positive or equivocal in 20 (21.7%) and 41 (44.5%) samples, respectively. Among 20 IgM positive samples with ELISA, 7 (7.6%) were also positive for C. burnetii Phase II IgM with IFA. Of 41 IgG positive cases with ELISA, 39 (42.3%) were also positive for C.burnetii Phase II IgG with IFA but only one person was positive for C. burnetii Phase I IgG with IFA. In conclusion, high frequency of C. burnetii seropositivity was observed among risk groups. Coxiella burnetii infection should be considered for patients in contact with animals.